O OpenStreetMap pode mapear a rede de transporte escolar do Brasil? Uma análise baseada nas rotas rurais e urbanas existentes

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58922/transportes.v34.e3118

Palavras-chave:

OpenStreetMap. Sistema de transporte escolar brasileiro. Transporte escolar brasileiro. Completude de mapa. Rotas rurais. OSM.

Resumo

A falta de dados confiáveis é um dos principais desafios no planejamento do sistema de transporte escolar no Brasil, especialmente em áreas rurais. Entre os dados mais críticos está a malha viária, pois serve de base para calcular as distâncias percorridas pelos alunos e a otimização das rotas de ônibus. Nesse contexto, o OpenStreetMap (OSM), plataforma livre, surge como alternativa ao disponibilizar dados viários abertos. No entanto, partes da malha estão ausentes ou desconectadas, principalmente nas regiões rurais. Essas lacunas limitam o uso efetivo do OSM em ferramentas de transporte, já que algoritmos podem falhar ao tentar alcançar determinados locais, especialmente os mais remotos. Para avaliar a completude da rede, este estudo analisou 7.159 rotas de transporte escolar provenientes do Sistema Eletrônico de Gestão do Transporte Escolar brasileiro. Em média, 91,84% do comprimento das rotas está coberto, mas apenas 32% delas estão totalmente representadas no OSM (100% de sua extensão). As lacunas mais frequentes aparecem em rotas aquaviárias, mistas e nos trechos finais, como estradas locais que levam até as residências dos estudantes. Compreender essas limitações é essencial para aprimorar o uso do OSM em ferramentas de transporte e ampliar o acesso à educação para os alunos do transporte escolar.

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Publicado

03-02-2026

Como Citar

Roriz Junior, M. P., Carvalho, W. L. e Dantas Medeiros, D. (2026) “O OpenStreetMap pode mapear a rede de transporte escolar do Brasil? Uma análise baseada nas rotas rurais e urbanas existentes”, Transportes, 34, p. e3118. doi: 10.58922/transportes.v34.e3118.

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