Consumo energético de veículos elétricos em entregas: efeito de parâmetros dinâmicos, perfil da via, carga e paradas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58922/transportes.v33.e3067Palavras-chave:
Veículos elétricos a bateria. Modelo energético. Logística urbana. Autonomia veicular.Resumo
Este artigo avalia um modelo físico para estimar o consumo de energia de Veículos Elétricos a Bateria (BEVs) em entregas urbanas, bem como propõe uma análise do impacto da velocidade, perfil da via, peso da carga e número de paradas na autonomia desses veículos. O modelo físico microscópico proposto baseia-se em equações da dinâmica veicular, considerando regeneração exponencial de bateria durante eventos de frenagem. Os parâmetros físicos e o consumo dos sistemas auxiliares do BEV foram obtidos da literatura, e um ciclo de direção padrão é proposto, com um perfil de velocidade e aceleração baseado em dados reais. Um total de 160 cenários distintos foi simulado, variando velocidade máxima, perfil da via, peso da carga e número de paradas. Os resultados demonstram que esses fatores têm efeito significativo e quantificável na autonomia dos BEVs. Inclinações podem reduzir a autonomia em até 63% em comparação a terrenos planos, enquanto maiores velocidades aumentam substancialmente o consumo de energia – a autonomia é até 88% maior a 10 km/h e 54% menor a 80 km/h, em relação à referência de 40 km/h.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Alexandre Duarte, José Pedro Gomes da Cruz, Hugo Tsugunobu Yoshida Yoshizaki
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Última atualização: 27/11/2025
